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Basic Earthquake Glossary, Part 1
Basic Earthquake Glossary:
By Engitek.com
Aftershocks
Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes that occur after the main or larger one. Normally after shocks are a sequence of minor earthquakes that can be composed of only few or several hundred ones. Aftershocks can be repeated several times during minutes, hours, weeks, months and even years after a main earthquake event.
Amplitude
Also known as magnitude is in how strong an earthquake was and it is normally referred to the Richter scale.
Body Waves
Body waves are earthquake waves that travel in the interior of the earth, the most important body waves are the P and S waves called in this manner because the way they move, each one has a different effect on how they shake the ground.
Blind Thrust Fault
A blind thrust fault is a fault hidden under the surface of the earth, In other words this rupture is not visible in the surface, therefore could be more dangerous than the obviously visible faults because not always are properly detected and known.
Surface
Blind Thrust Faults (Hidden Fault)
Core
Is the deeper or innermost part of the earth, the outside diameter reach about 3000 miles below earth’s surface and it is primarily made of liquid metal mostly iron.
The central or inner core is made of solid metal also mostly made of iron.
Earth Crust
Is the skin of the earth and has a thickness of about ten to more than 60 Km depending of the world geographical location. In this upper layer is were most earthquakes are produced due to it fragility
Epicenter
Epicenter is the direct vertical location on the surface of the earth where
the earthquake focus occurred.
Amplitude
A
B
C
Solid Core
Liquid Core
A=Earth diameter from poles =12,713 Km
B=Liquid core = 3059 Km
C=Inner Core = 804 Km
Compression Stress
Is when two earth plates collide or when the earth crust is compressed at one point by opposite forces
Tension Stress
Is when the earth crust is pulled apart
Shear Stress
Is when two earth plates are pulled on opposite directions
Focus
Epicenter